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Substrates with and without catalyst layers have been tested for the capacitively coupled radio-frequency plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition of carbon nanosheets (CNSs) at a temperature as low as 500°C. Glass coated with Ni, Ni/Co, Co/Ni, and Ni/Zn and glass without a catalyst layer were used as the substrates. CNSs were only obtained on substrate samples with a catalyst layer. The morphology...
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs), pristine and subjected to treatments, are comparatively characterized from N 2 and Kr (77K) adsorption measurements. The CNTs are lab-synthesized by in situ chemical vapour deposition of an iron-based organometallic compound at 895°C. The treatments applied to the CNTs include low temperature gas-phase oxidation, mild temperature annealing and ultrasonic...
Surface-functionalized graphene nanosheets (GNSs) were synthesized from natural graphite via chemical oxidation and subsequent thermal exfoliation. High Pt metal loadings, up to 80 wt.%, were deposited over the synthesized GNS supports and the Pt particle size was maintained at less than 3nm. The current densities of methanol electrooxidation with these Pt/GNS catalysts were at least twice as large...
Exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets (xGnP) were produced by acid intercalation followed by thermal exfoliation and a controlled size reduction to produce graphite nanoplatelets of 1–15μm in lateral dimension and approximately 10nm in thickness. These highly hydrophobic nanoparticles were dispersed and stabilized in a DI water/polyethyleneimine (PEI, a cationic polyelectrolyte) solution. A free standing,...
A new approach is presented to fabricate open-cellular carbon materials with an ordered, lattice-type micro-scale architecture. The carbon micro-lattice materials were fabricated by pyrolyzing a polymer precursor template formed from an interconnected three-dimensional array of self-propagating photopolymer waveguides. Impregnating the polymer precursor template with acrylonitrile increased the carbon...
Multilayer graphene is grown by precipitation upon cooling of a thin nickel film deposited by e-beam evaporation on single crystal diamond (001) oriented substrates. Nickel acts as a strong catalyst inducing the dissolution of carbon from diamond into the metal. Carbon segregation produces multilayers of graphene on the top surface. Characterization by Raman spectroscopy reveals that these thin layers...
Animal bone, an abundant biomass source and high volume food waste, had been converted into a hierarchical porous carbon in a simple two-step sustainable manner to yield a highly textured material. The structures were characterized by nitrogen sorption at 77K, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The electrochemical measurement in 7M KOH electrolyte showed that the porous carbon had...
Bundles of (10,10) single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have been studied by high-temperature oxidation calorimetry and inelastic neutron scattering to obtain standard formation enthalpies and entropies at 298K. SWCNTs are found to be only moderately less stable than graphite, and are significantly more stable than their fullerene counterparts. They are 7kJmol −1 metastable in terms of enthalpy...
An ultrathin and super black amorphous carbon (a-C) film has been fabricated by borrowing the inverse V-type anti-reflection nano-architecture from the black wings of butterfly Ornithoptera goliath through vacuum sintering process. The biomimetic a-C film shows good optical absorption (99%) at low reflectance (<1%) in visible light (380–795nm), which is comparable to the previously fabricated darkest...
Ordered porous chitosan–gelatin/graphene oxide (CGGO) monoliths with over 97% porosity were prepared by a unidirectional freeze-drying method and used as adsorbents for metal ions. They were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. In addition, their water absorption, wet-state stability and compressive strength were measured. The adsorption...
Hierarchical polymer composites – defined as carbon nanofiber/fiber-reinforced polymer composites – were manufactured using multiscale-reinforcement fabrics (MRFs) and they were characterized for their mechanical properties. The MRFs were fabricated by electrophoretic deposition of carboxylic acid- or amine-functionalized carbon nanofibers (CNFs) on the surface of sized or unsized carbon fiber layers...
Despite significant progress in carbon nanotube (CNT) synthesis by thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD), the factors determining the structure of the resulting carbon filaments and other graphitic nanocarbons are not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that gas chemistry influences the crystal structure of carbon filaments grown at low temperatures (500°C). Using thermal CVD, we decoupled the...
We investigated the variation of electronic transport in a semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) due to NO 2 molecules adsorbed on different locations of the SWCNT surface through a theoretical means. Our results indicate that the electronic conductance of a semiconducting SWCNT strongly depends on the distance between the electrode and the NO 2 adsorption site. In some...
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